SUMMARY NOTES

SUMMARY

5       Tenses Are Often Used

1)      Simple present tense : to declare habitual action or rutinitas.dan general facts

example rutinitas:

a)      Bath

b)      Eat

c)      Sleep

example general facts:

a)      the sun rises in the east

b)      water flows from upstream to downstream

formula:   ( + ) s + v1 (s/es)

                         ( - ) s + do/does + not + v1

( ? ) do/does + s + v1

sujeck	Present tenses
I		do
You
They
we
she	s/es	does
he
it

Example:

a)      ( + ) they go to campus by bus

( - ) they do not go to campus by bus

( ? ) do they go to campus by bus

b)      ( + ) she goes to campus by motorycle

( - ) she does not go to campus motorcycle

( ? ) does she go to campus motorcycle

2)      Simple Past Tense : used to express the events of the past

formula : ( + ) s + v2

( - ) s + did + not + v1

( ? ) did + s + v1

Example : ( + ) she went to campus by bus

( - ) she did not go to campus by bus

( ? ) did she go to campus by bus

3)      Present / Past Continuos Tense : to state that an action is happening at a particular time in the past. The action has been initiated but not completed by that time.

Formula : ( + ) s + be + v.ing

( - ) s + be + not + v.ing

( ? ) be + s + v.ing

Subject	Present Tense	Past Tense
I	Are	Were
You
They
We
She	Is	Was
He
It

Example : ( + ) they are going to campus by bus

                   ( - ) they are not going to campus by bus

                                ( ? ) are they going to campus by bus

V.ING / AAN

A: adjective ( kata sifat )

A : adverb ( kata keterangan )

N : noun ( kata benda )

AAN : di gunakan kalau tidak ada kata kerja di dalam kalimat

4)      Simple Future Tense :used to express events that have not occurred, are still in the planning or events in the future

formula : ( + ) s + will - V1

                             ( - ) S + will + not + v1

                             ( ? ) will + s + v1

                 Example : ( + ) they will go to campus by bus

                                     ( - ) they will not go to campus by bus

                                     ( ? ) will they go to campus by bus

5)   Present Perfect Tense : to declare events that have occurred and the results are still felt or visible

                 Formula : ( + ) S+ has/have + V3

                                 ( - ) S + has/have + not + V3

                                   ( ? ) has/have + S + V3

I	Have
You
They
We
She	Has
He
It

                 Example: ( + ) they have gone to campus by bus

                                  ( - ) they have not gone to campus by bus

                                  ( ? ) have they gone to campus by bus